ABSTRACT
Introduction with Problem Statement and Approach, Material and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions Problem Statement. The lockdown against coronavirus 2019 pandemic has led to a decrease in physical activity (PA), but any study has analyzed PA' evolution during this transition following the social-ecological theoretical framework of human development. It suggests that PA engagement depends on the interaction of individual, interpersonal and environmental determinants. This model is essential to better understand PA engagement and to prevent future crises. Purpose. This study investigated the evolution of adolescents' PA with their protective and inhibitory barriers according to ecological model of PA engagement. Methods. A longitudinal follow-up of 808 French adolescents between before and during lockdown were questioned from PA and socio-demographic data. Wilcoxson signed rank test and Boruta forest algorithm were used to quantify the evolution of each PA intensity and to identify protective and inhibitory socio-ecological's determinants on PA behaviour. Results. Our results showed a significant decrease in the overall PA (-231 Mets.min.week-1, p<.05). More specifically, low PA decreased significantly (-480 Mets.min.week-1, p<.05), while moderate and vigorous PA has remained significantly stable during the lockdown (+0 Mets.min.week-1, p<.05). The three determinants of the socioecological framework are included in the model of evolution of each PA' intensity. Individual (PA initial profile, 58.8 median importance score) and environmental (garden: 10.42;housing: 7.93 median importance score) determinants are the two most important. Interpersonal determinants have not a significantly importance to explain PA' evolution. Conclusions. This study highlighted the complex and non-linear process of PA engagement at a critical period where the determinants are being disrupted. Socio-ecological tools are identified to rethink prevention strategies adapted to future crisis periods. Future interventions to promote PA should not target one determinant of the system but should consider the interactions of all socio-ecological variables. © 2023, Editura Universitatii din Pitesti. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine how adolescents' physical activity (PA) changed during the COVID-19 crisis according to level of intensity and whether there are typologies of resilience based on individual and environmental characteristics. Methods: A longitudinal follow-up study of PA in a representative sample of French adolescents (n=808, 16.32±1.01 years old) was carried out. Two online surveys collecting reported data on amounts of PA were completed the week before and during the first week of the lockdown. Data related to individual and environmental characteristics were collected. A principal component method with qualitative and quantitative data (FAMD) for cluster analysis was performed to identify adolescent's profiles according to their individual, interpersonal and environmental determinants. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA and a Bonferroni Post-Hoc test were performed to detect any significant effects of adolescents' clusters on time and each intensity level of PA. Results: Three clusters were identified and characterized by a multifactorial process: active, studious and rural adolescents (37%) reported a significant increase in their MVPA (+707 Mets.week-1, p<0.05), inactive, underachieving and rural adolescents (32%) reported a stability in their MVPA (0 Mets.week-1, NS) and urban adolescents (31%) reported a significant decrease of MVPA (-237 Mets.week-1, p<0.05). Conclusion: This study investigated the multifactorial and temporal complexity of PA resilience according to a socio-ecological anchoring, suggesting that factors of resilience in PA are linked to availability of rural and green environments (environmental determinants), good pedagogical follow up (interpersonal determinant) and high initial involvement in PA (individual determinant). © 2022. All Rights Reserved.